1

How Substitutable Are Workers? Evidence from Worker Deaths

We estimate how exogenous worker exits affect firms’ demand for incumbent workers and new hires. Drawing on administrative data from Germany, we analyze 34,000 unexpected worker deaths, which, on average, raise the remaining workers’ wages and …

Schooling and Labor Market Consequences of School Construction in Indonesia: Response to a Comment

We reply to the comments of Roodman (2026) regarding the data and econometric specifications of Duflo (2001). We replicate Roodman's results and agree with his comments about the errors in the coding of variables. We run additional specifications …